Reed Discusses FY 2017 NDAA on the Senate Floor
Mr. REED - Madam President, I rise to discuss the National Defense
Authorization Act. After several months of debate and negotiation, the
House and Senate Armed Services Committees have arrived at a completed
conference agreement. This will be the 55th consecutive time that we
pass a National Defense Authorization Act, which sets national security
policy and provides important authorities to the Department of Defense.
I want to begin by thanking Chairman McCain for his leadership during
the course of this year. At his direction, the Senate Armed Services
Committee undertook a robust review of how the Department develops
strategic guidance and executes their business processes to help the
Department operate more effectively and efficiently. I commend the
chairman for making this effort a priority for the committee, and I
appreciate his willingness to work in a bipartisan fashion on this
important endeavor.
The conference report we are considering today includes many Senate
reforms, including efforts to improve the defense strategy documents
produced by the Department and reorganizing the Office of Acquisition,
Technology and Logistics to ensure that the Pentagon emphasizes
research and innovation in support of our warfighters.
In particular, one of the most important reform efforts included in
the final conference agreement is a Senate provision that would create
cross-functional teams. This is a new tool for the Secretary of Defense
to manage the formation and implementation of policies and solutions
for complex problems that inherently cut across the many stovepiped
functional organizations in the Department of Defense. The private
sector has pioneered and mastered this highly effective integration
mechanism for a generation, and business schools and business
consultancies have championed its use for decades. I consider this
provision to be one of the most important reform initiatives in this
bill. None of this would have happened without the leadership,
guidance, and constant urging of the chairman, Senator McCain. Once
again, I commend him for his extraordinary efforts.
As these reforms are introduced, it is imperative that we continue to
collaborate with the Department of Defense to ensure that these reforms
contribute to our national security and do not create unnecessary and
detrimental consequences. This will be a partnership going forward to
ensure that these reforms are adequate, appropriate, and work for the
benefit of the men and women in uniform, and that is a process in which
we will all be engaged.
With respect to the budget, the conference agreement we are
considering today authorizes a total of $619 billion, which includes
$543.4 billion in base budget funding for the Department of Defense and
certain security activities of the Department of Energy and $67.8
billion in overseas contingency operations, or OCO, funding.
This OCO amount includes $5.8 billion in supplemental funding
requested by President Obama for operations in Afghanistan, Iraq, and
Syria, as well as an additional $3.2 billion above President Obama's
budget request for base budget requirements primarily devoted to
increased end strength. I have serious concerns about increasing OCO
funding above the President's budget request without a corresponding
increase in domestic spending. While the OCO account is exempt from
budget caps, the purpose of the Budget Control Act was to establish
proportionately equal caps on defense and nondefense discretionary
spending to force a bipartisan compromise on the budget.
During consideration of the NDAA, the House and Senate had different
approaches on how best to fund these base budget requirements and
ongoing military operations. However, after a robust debate, we reached
an agreement on a modest increase in OCO to fund increased end strength
and to replenish depleted munitions inventories.
With respect to Afghanistan, the conference agreement supports our
military operations. Specifically, the bill authorizes approximately
8,400 troops in Afghanistan in 2017, including fully funding the Afghan
Security Forces Fund at $4.26 billion to continue support to the Afghan
National Defense and Security Forces. Likewise, the bill contains $814
million to enhance the capabilities of the Afghan Air Force and begin a
transition from Mi-17 to the UH-60 helicopters.
Also--and this is an issue that I support very strongly after a
recent trip to Afghanistan--it accelerates the Afghan Aviation
Initiative, which is designed to build greater rotary wing capability
and fixed-wing capabilities in the Afghan Air Force. This is a critical
battlefield advantage that the Afghan forces will have over the
Taliban.
With respect to Europe, we have fully funded the President's request
of $3.4 billion for the European Reassurance Initiative. This funding
will support critical investments that will increase rotational U.S.
military presence in Europe, improve key infrastructure, and enhance
allied and partner military capabilities to respond to external
aggression and preserve regional stability. The agreement also includes
an authorization of $350 million for the Ukraine training assistance
initiative, to continue and expand security assistance and intelligence
support to the Ukrainian security forces to protect their sovereignty
and encourage a continued focus on robust defense reform efforts.
With regard to our special operations forces, they are at the
forefront of our fight against ISIL, Al Qaeda, and other terrorist
groups. The bill also includes important reforms designed to improve
the oversight and advocacy for their important efforts by enhancing the
role of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and
Low Intensity Conflict. I think those reforms will be something we
watch and encourage.
With respect to other aspects of our security programs, the
conference agreement includes a comprehensive reform of Defense
Department security cooperation programs. This is the first time such a
reform has been undertaken, and it is an effort to ensure there is
unity of effort across our government in the security assistance arena.
Likewise, the conference agreement includes a provision that would
enhance the scope and authority of the Global Engagement Center. For
too long we have been losing the information space to our adversaries--
both state and nonstate actors. It is my hope that by providing this
critical center at the State Department with a powerful mandate, we can
begin to improve our efforts in the information space.
The bill also supports modernization efforts of many different
weapons platforms. I am particularly pleased to see that we are
continuing two-per-year construction of the Virginia-class submarine.
It also supports additional requests for advance procurement to keep
this production on track. Furthermore, it authorizes $1.9 billion for
the Ohio-class replacement, including the first strategic nuclear
submarine procurement funds, to begin the process of reinvigorating and
rebuilding our underwater nuclear deterrence through the Ohio-class
replacement.
In addition to modernization of our underwater forces, we are also
looking at modernizing our triad of air, sea, and ground delivery
platforms for strategic deterrence. This is the beginning of a multi-
decade effort involving three major acquisition programs: our ballistic
missile submarines--as I have mentioned, the Ohio-class replacement--
long-range penetrating bombers, and also the land-based
intercontinental ballistic missiles. Most importantly, we will be
modernizing their command and control systems to ensure that our
President always has positive control of these forces. As I have stated
many times, modernization is critical in light of the increasingly
belligerent actions by Russia, which conducted a nuclear exercise
immediately after invading Crimea as a form of nuclear intimidation.
In the area of technology and acquisition, I am pleased the
conference report takes a number of important steps to help DOD
maintain its technological superiority. We continue to build on past
work on acquisition reform undertaken by the committee, as well as the
successes of Defense Secretary Carter and his colleagues, including
Under Secretary Kendall, in controlling the costs of major weapons
systems procurement programs.
The agreement includes a number of steps to improve defense
acquisition processes, including strengthening the acquisition
workforce, simplifying and streamlining regulatory and bureaucratic
burdens on the government and industry, making it easier for DOD to
work with innovative small businesses and commercial companies, and
promoting the use of prototyping and rapid fielding to speed the
development and deployment of advanced new systems.
In the area of technological innovation, I hope that reconstituting
the position of Under Secretary of Research and Engineering will help
promote connections with innovators both inside and outside of the
government and ensure that the policies and practices governing our R&D
programs, our defense labs, and our engagements with universities and
industry are optimized to promote the most efficient and effective
development of new systems and technologies.
Finally, I think the conference report includes important provisions
designed to streamline and modernize Pentagon management processes. The
bill supports efforts to develop and execute the modern management
techniques and practices modeled on private sector best practices,
including the use of big data to improve Pentagon business processes. I
believe that refining Pentagon management practices will result in cost
savings and efficiencies, freeing up funds for other critical needs.
I note that the conferees did not include several provisions
regarding the application of Obama administration Executive orders
related to labor, safe workplace, and LGBT issues. Many of these are
very problematic. I hope we continue to work to ensure the Department
engages with fiscally and socially responsible and effective
contractors to the best benefit of warfighters and taxpayers alike.
Of course, one of the key issues for the committee was the readiness
of troops. I am pleased the conference report includes significant
resources for the military services' unfunded requirements, with the
goal of restoring full-spectrum readiness as soon as possible. For
example, the bill includes additional funding for Army units to conduct
additional home station training in order to prepare them for future
combat training center rotations, as well as additional flight training
for the other services.
We have also included significant resources in order to provide
additional depot maintenance to repair our military aircraft, ships,
and combat vehicles. There is also additional funding to better sustain
our military installations, specifically in the facilities restoration
and modernization accounts.
In the area of military personnel, the conference agreement
accomplishes much on behalf of our servicemembers and the Department of
Defense because we owe them much. It authorizes a 2.1 percent pay raise
for all servicemembers, supports requested increases in the housing
benefit, and reauthorizes a number of expiring bonus and special pay
authorities to encourage enlistment, reenlistment, and continued
service by Active-Duty and Reserve component military personnel.
Unfortunately, the bill does not include the provision in the Senate-
passed bill that would have required women to register for the draft to
the same extent men are required. I continue to believe this is the
right policy for the Nation and the military. If we are going to have a
draft, women must share equally the burden and privilege of service. We
must be able to take advantage of their extraordinary talents because
without those talents our military today could not function as it does.
However, the bill does establish an independent national commission
on military, national, and public service to study the need for a
military selective service process, including whether the Nation
continues to need a mechanism designed to draft large numbers of
replacement combat troops; whether women should be required to
participate equally in the process; the means by which to foster a greater attitude and ethos of service among the United States' young men and women, including an increased propensity for military service; and how to obtain military, national, and public service individuals with skills for which the Nation has a critical need. This commission could provide valuable insight on how we should proceed, particularly in a state of national emergency, in pulling together the best of our young people to serve the Nation.
With respect to health care, the bill contains a robust package of
health care reforms that will bring the military health care program in
line with the best practices in the civilian health care industry. This
is something we have to continue to emphasize--the ability to care and
treat all of our personnel and retirees with respect to their health
care.
I think we have done a lot of important work in this legislation.
Let me conclude, as I began, by thanking Chairman McCain and my
Senate colleagues on the committee for their thoughtful contributions
to this process. I also thank my colleagues on the House Armed Services
Committee, Chairman Mac Thornberry and Ranking Member Adam Smith. They
did a superb job, along with their staffs. This was truly a thoughtful,
bipartisan process that resulted in a bill that I believe will receive
overwhelming support on the floor of the Senate, as it did in the
House.
Finally, of course, this agreement would not have been possible
without the extraordinary work of the staff. I thank so many, but I
particularly thank Chris Brose, Steve Barney, and all the majority
committee staff for their hard work. On the Democratic side, I thank my staff director, Elizabeth King. I
also thank Gary Leeling, Creighton Greene, Carolyn Chuhta, Maggie
McNamara, Jonathan Clark, Jonathan Epstein, Ozge Guzelsu, Jody Bennett,
Mike Kuiken, Kirk McConnell, Mike Noblet, John Quirk, Arun Seraphin,
and Jon Green.
I deeply appreciate all of their efforts. They have made this bill
possible. With that, I yield the floor.